Congratulations! Your answer was correct.
It's B. Autonomy and beneficence.

Explanation: The ability to recognize ethical issues requires some familiarity with key ethics concepts and the emerging interdisciplinary field of bioethics. As a corollary, this ability presupposes the psychiatrist’s capacity to observe and translate complex phenomena into patterns, using the common language of the profession (e.g., conflicts between autonomy, beneficence, and justice when a person with mental illness threatens the life of a specific individual and is thus held for an evaluation against his or her preferences).

Many ethical dilemmas in clinical care involve a conflict between clinical indications and patient preference. These dilemmas include situations in which a depressed cancer patient refuses life-prolonging chemotherapy or a young person undergoing a “first break” is brought to a hospital for treatment against his or her will. In each situation, the preferences of a patient are at odds with what is medically beneficial, creating a conflict for the physicians between their duties of beneficence and respecting patient autonomy. To work through such dilemmas, it is critical to clarify what is clinically necessary and to fully and thoughtfully explore the patient’s preferences. By engaging the patient in a conversation in which the physician describes the full range of treatment options and demonstrates sensitivity to the reasons for the patient’s refusal, the physician frequently may craft a solution that the patient can willingly accept and the physician can justify as medically beneficial.

Muskin PR, ed. Study Guide to Psychiatry: A Companion to the American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Psychiatry. Sixth Edition. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association Publishing; 2015: 25, 202. Click here to purchase. Members can purchase at a discount.